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OM – its Meaning and Significance


OM

If you attend a yoga class, it is very likely that the teacher starts the class by reciting the sound of OM three times. Most teachers like to chant OM at the end of the class as wll. That’s how I start and end the classes tha I teach. So, the natural question that comes up is, "why chant OM and what is the significance of this sound?". Here is a brief explanation of the meaning and significance of OM.

OM is considered to be the ‘primordial sound’. Even before the material creation came into existence there was only the natural humming energy which resembled the sound of OM. Today, we know that one form of energy can be converted to another form – electricity to sound, electricity to heat, heat to electricity etc. According to the famous equation by Einstein – E=mc2, all matter is nothing but waves of energy. So, when the ‘powers that be’ decided to create this material universe, they were able to use the ever-present humming sound vibration of OM to manifest this creation. This same vibration continues to exist all around us and even inside us. The inner sound is given the name "antar-naada" (the inner sound) which can be heard when we can tune in to our pure inner self.

The OM mantra has been mentioned in many of the ancient texts related to yoga. In many of the Upanishads, it is revered as representing everything that is manifest and yet has its roots in the unmanifest. The Mandukya Upanishad (MU), in particular, is fully devoted to the discussion of OM. In the Upanishads, OM is mentioned as being the same as Brahman (the supreme consciousness).

Meaning of OM

The Sanskrit word OM (also written as AUM) is a composite of three letters "A" (? – like the first sound in ‘aware’ , "U" (? -as in ‘foot’ and "M" (?? – as the last sound in ‘mum’). According to MU, the three letters A, U and M represent the waking, dream and deep sleep states. The silence between successive repetitions of the mantra represents the fourth state called ‘turiya’ (literally the ‘fourth’ in Sanskrit), a state that transcends these three states. These three states correspond to the conscious, sub-conscious and unconscious states of the mind. A few other commonly mentioned interpretations of the letters A, U and M are given below:

  • According to yoga, Samkhya and many other scriptures, the whole material creation, including human mind and body are a manifestation of the ‘mula prakriti’ (primordial nature) which is composed of the three gunas – sattva, rajas and tamas. The three letters of OM thus correspond to the three gunas as follows:
    • A = tamas (darkness, inertia, ignorance)
    • U = rajas (passion, activity, dynamism)
    • M = Sattva (purity, truth, light)

    The silence between the two AUM sounds represents the pure consciousness, a state which transcends the three gunas (called ‘trigunaatit’ – beyond gunas)

  • A = Brahma (the creator), U = Vishnu (the sustainer) and M = Shiva (the destroyer); the silence between two OM sounds = the substratum or the reality that lies beyond the trinity
  • A = Present, U = Past, M = future; silence between sounds = the reality beyond time and space

    Other names for OM

    In some of the Upanishads, OM is referred to as ‘udgita’ (the uplifting chant) or ‘Omkara’. In Yoga Sutras of Patanjali and in some Upanishads it is mentioned as ‘Pranava’. Patanjali mentions it as a ‘vachaka’ or the representative symbol for Ishvara (the Lord). Other words used for OM include ‘taraka’ (the one that helps us cross the ocean of this perishable life), ‘akshara’ (indestructible or imperishable), and the Brahman (supreme consciousness) in sound form called ‘Shabda Brahman.

    OM in Yoga Sutras of Patanjali

    In chapter 1 (Samadhi Pada) of the Yoga Sutras, Patanjali gives us the concept of Ishvara as "Ishvara is the supreme Purusha, unaffected by any afflictions, actions, fruits of actions or by any inner impressions of desires." (translation by Sw. Satchidananda) (sutra 1.24). The following sutras provide us an insight into the sacred symbol OM:

    • sutra 1.27: "The word expressive of Ishvara is the mystic sound OM (pranava)"
    • sutra 1.28: "To repeat it with reflection upon its meaning is an aid."
    • sutra 1.29: "From this practice all the obstacles disappear and simultaneously dawns knowledge of the inner Self."
    • sutra 1.30: "Disease, dullness, doubt, carelessness, laziness, sensuality, false perception, failure to reach firm ground and slipping from ground gained – these distractions of the mind-stuff are the obstacles."
    • sutra 1.31: "Accompaniments to the mental distractions include distress, despair, trembling of the body, and disturbed breathing."

    As we can see from these sutras by Patanjali, chanting of OM can make us free from obstacles (defined in sutra 1.30) and provide us a glimpse of the inner self.

    Even though chanting of OM as a mantra by itself is advocated in the above sutras, it is common to use OM in conjunction with other mantras. In some cases, it is added at the beginning of a shloka ; for example – "OM namo shivaya, OM bhur, bhuvah, svaha" etc. In other cases it is also added at the end of a phrase – e.g., Hari OM. Most of the mantras in the vedas also start with OM. In the spiritual tradition, those who wish to meditate on a regular basis get a personal mantra from their spiritual teacher. This personal mantra may or may not include OM as a part of the mantra.

    How to chant OM

    As Patanjali states in sutra 1.28, OM should be chanted keeping its meaning and significance in mind. Since OM is the representative sound and symbol for Ishvara, it is important to keep the essence of Ishvara (sutra 1.24) in mind while chanting OM. The technique for chanting OM is given below:

    Sit in a comfortable cross-legged seated posture with the spine upright, head, neck and spine in a vertical (if comfortable) alignment. Close the eyes and take a deep inhalation. While exhaling start uttering the OM sound. Begin by feeling the vibration of the "O" sound building up in the navel area and traveling upward. As you continue the chant, feel the vibration moving upward toward the base of the throat. When the vibration reaches the throat area, convert the sound to a deep humming sound of "M". Continue to feel the vibration moving upward until it reaches the crown of the head (called Sahasrara Chakra). You may repeat this process two or more times. At the end of the final chant, continue to sit still and feel the vibration of the OM sound permeating the whole body – every single cell of the body.

    Benefits of chanting OM

    The continued recitation of OM (called Udgita Pranayama) fills one with peace, calmness, tranquility and serenity. When we recite it with the understanding that OM is nothing but a representation of Ishvara, it brings us closer to our true nature, our own pure self. As mentioned above, OM is the primordial sound and this entire creation is a manifestation of this mystic sound. It represents the cosmic prana (the vital energy) and the air we breathe. Meditating on these thoughts can bring us closer to other human beings and lift the veil of separateness.

    Do you chant the sound of OM in your yoga practice? If so, do you chant OM by itself or in association with other mantras? I would love to get your feedback on this article and also would like to know about your own meditation practice. Please leave me a comment below.

    110 comments to OM – its Meaning and Significance

    • surender

      very good sir i take very good info about om from your site

    • Great information, well recieve by us followers of hinduism and believers.

    • yoginiinthemaking

      Thank you for your insight and for posting this. Very helpful to my journey, my path.

      In the yoga class I attend, our yogini ends the class with Om, Ma, Oom, three times. Now I know what it means and what the silent part indicates, as it grows longer with each repitition.
      I also didn’t know about imagining the sound in your belly traveling upwards. I will try that.
      Namaste

      • admin

        Thank you so much for visiting my blog. I am glad to see that you found the infomation helpful. Please browse through the blog for other posts and provide your valuable comments.
        – Subhash

    • Murali

      Chanting of Ohm makes any positive impact on Endocrine system..?

      • Subhash

        Dear Murali, thanks for visiting my blog. As for impact of OM chanting on the endocrine system, I don’t have access to any research report which mentions this kind of an impact. It’s a good question and I would myself like to find an answerr. Thanks for asking.

    • Vishwa

      Hinduism has answers for anything and everything, practicing its sastrams could be considered utmost education. I am proud to have the Hindu way of life and proud to see such enchanting contributions from believers like you. Thank you for the values you bring.

    • krishan bassi

      To day I am on internet to study OM CHANTING .Luckily I saw your blog,read & TRIED TO UNDERSTAN,AS COMPARED TO MY EARLIER EXPERIANCES IN YOGA & ALSO OM CHANTING.i LIKED YOURS WHEN I READ THAT TO FEEL VIBRATION IN CHAKRAS.OM CHANTING WITH AWARENESS OF BREATH & CHAKRAS SHOULD GIVE GOOD RESULTD. I WILL TRY
      THANKS ARTICLE IS EDUCATIVE & WILL BENEFIT ME ..
      REGARDS
      K K BASSI

    • admin

      Thanks, Krishna, for visiting my site. I am glad that you found the article on OM helpful. Keep up the practice.
      Regards,
      Subhash

    • satish

      I need to know that is it necessary to make sound while chanting om? As it becomes show of when it is done for medicinal reason.Please clarify. Thanking you.

      • admin

        Satish, I am not sure I understand your question very well. Om can be chanted both with and without sound. You make sound when you recite Om before reciting another shloka, for example. You also make sound when you chant it as part of Udgita pranayama. However, you chant it silently when you are using it as a mantra for meditation. Hope this helps.
        – Subhash

    • Kathy

      Beautiful article…so many wise words…thank you so much for sharing. I always start and end my yoga classes with 3 Om’s followed by 3 shanti’s.
      All love,
      Kathy

    • krishnaiah palaboyidoddi

      Sir, I am a Yoga Instuctor in Bangalore and at present in US.
      it is very useful to chant AUM
      akara ukara makara gives rise to omkara.which vibrates all cells in the body and leads to samadi stiti.onceagain thanq sir

    • Dear Subhash,

      Very interesting and informative post! The word is discussed at length in Autobiography of a Yogi. There, Paramahmsaji equates it with Amen as well.

      Namaste,
      Yosef

    • […] If you attend a yoga class, it is very likely that the teacher starts the class by reciting the sound of OM three times. Most teachers like to chant OM at the end of the class as wll. That’s how I start and end the classes tha I teach. So, the natural question that comes up is, “why chant OM and what is the significance of this sound?”. Here is a brief explanation of the meaning and significance of OM. Continue reading  >> […]

    • […] The vibration of the sound should begin at the navel and eventually work its way up to the crown of the head, according to yogawithsubhash.com. […]

    • jaideep

      Hi Subhash sir this is jaideep from Mumbai India i want to ask i practice on not soo regularly but atleast for hundred times is it ok??as they say tat pranayams whoulb be done in limits as they make us feel tired…but i dont fell tired bu m i going right??

    • Sriman

      Dear Sir,
      This information on OM is simple and very valuable.I appreciate it.Any one can understand it easily.

    • Thanks for sharing the significance of OM. Om namah shivay chanting helps to a great extend to go deeper in meditation.

    • A

      What should be the timing for the parts of om? i.e what should be the ratio of time spent in the “Oooooo” part and “Mmmmmm” part?

      • You may have seen AUM written as ओ३म् in the Devanagri script. The digit 3 between O and M indicates that the previous sounds should be long. In Sanskrit it is called the “pluta” sound. It simply means that the O sound should be much longer than the M sound. How much longer? I haven’t seen anything specified in any of the texts that I have read. My recommendation is that we should try to make the O sound about twice as long as the M sound. Hope this helps.

    • saibaba

      its very crystal clear explanation sir.why 21 days to form a habit please publish sir if u r aware of this question?

      • I just think it is common wisdom that it takes 21 days to realize benefits and another 21 days to form a habit of any change that you want in life.

        • Greety

          Yes sir, even I am aware of this that it takes 21 days to cultivate any habit. A signature expert had told me this and it really took me 21 days to practise and change my new signature.
          I try to chant OM whenever I can in my busy schedule.
          thanks so much for the post. Very very informative.
          takes you to a higher level if thoughts.

    • Ganesha

      In very simple terms, while chanting om three times before and after yoga practice, what does each om represent? I’ve been told that it represents the physical, astral and causal bodies. Please advise.

      • Hi Ganesha,
        According to the Mandukya Upanishad, OM is a composite of three letters – “A” representing all our experiences in the waking state, “U” representing our experiences in the dream state and “M” the experience in the deep sleep state. So OM is a representation of the totality of all our experience in life. As you mentioned, these three states also correspond to the physical (waking state), astral (dream) and causal (deep sleep) states of our being. So when we chant OM three times, we are invoking our awareness at these three levels of our being.
        Subhash

    • […] Yoga with Subhash (2010, May 31). Om – It’s meaning and significance [web log post]. Retrieved Febraury 13, 2014, from http://yogawithsubhash.com/2010/05/31/om-meaning-significance/ […]

    • Namaste sir, how are you? Thanks for this wonderful article. Its great to come through you once again. I hope everything going well with you..

      • It is so nice to hear from you, Sunil. I visited your website. It is interesting to see that it is in Chinese and so I couldn’t see what it contains. But it does seem beautifully designed. Looks like you have established yourself well as yoga teacher in China. Let me have your phone number as i would like to call you sometime to catch up with you and all your activities.

    • hemlata mittql

      Today i joined art of living class…. nd i felt d effect of chanting om…
      thanku sir fr makingvus understand !

    • MEENA

      Great article!!! I am Meena Mothilal, SOUTH AFRICAN. I am deeply involved with promotion of Hindu culture in S.A. Loved your explaination on OM!!!!!

      • Thanks, Meena, for taking the time to read the article on OM. I am so glad that you found it useful. You are doing a wonderful job of promoting Hindu culture in SA. All the best.

    • Guna

      Thank You… Great Article!!! I started to chant “OM” everyday. I feel very engergitic and most commonly my headaches are gone upon chanting “OM” for more than 5 times. Thank You 🙂

    • Ashok Jogia

      Om Subhashbhai
      I am from UK .I thought I knew the meaning of OM but after reading your article today, I found that I knew very little what OM is and it’s Power!!
      Thank you so much for your explanation.
      Kind regards
      ashok

    • Sue

      Hi Subhash
      Thank you for your explanations of Om.
      Can you explain to me the meaning of Hari Om? I have attended classes where the teachers chant this and I have never quite understood its meaning.
      Namaste
      Sue

      • Hello Sue,
        Hari is the same as Narayana or Lord Vishnu. The literal meaning of the word is “immanent”, one that is present everywhere and in all beings, both animate and inanimate. In that sense, it represents the manifest aspect of God (Ishwara in Sanskrit) which pervades everything in the universe. OM represents the unmanifest supreme consciousness – Brahman in Vedanta.
        By chanting “Hari OM” we are remembering God both as the immanent (manifest) as well as the transcendent (unmanifest) reality. Hope this is helpful.

    • Hoor Girglani

      Beautiful info. I do use Om in my Yoga classes it definitely gives peace & tranquility. Enjoy chanting Om although I use Om namo shaiva, Om bhur bhuvasya in my daily puja not in class. Thank you for the info. i am going to check the scientific meaning too.
      Namaste.

    • Ila

      It is an .excellent explanation of the OM Mantra. It has helped me to understand the manta’s significance and I can chant it in a better way now..
      Thank you
      With best regards.
      Il

      From Ila

      • Ila

        What is meant by moderation

        • thanks, Ila, for your kind feedback. I am so glad that you found the OM explanation helpful.
          The word moderation is usually used to imply avoiding excesses in everything. In the Bhagavad Gita there is mention of “not sleeping too much or too little, not eating too much or too little” … etc. Please let me know the context in which you found this word. Thanks.

    • Ila

      Hello Subhash,
      When I sent the e mail regarding the Om Mantra,I received an e mail saying that my e mail was awaiting moderation which confused me because I did not understand why the e mail enquirer moderation.
      regards

    • Ila

      Sorry,
      I mean required Moderation not enquirer Moderation.

      • Ila, that just means that I need to approve (moderate) the comment before it can be published on the blog. This is to avoid getting the huge number of spam comments being published.

    • sunder ganapthy

      great. new insight to a small word

    • Ila

      Thank you for the explanation.
      Regards

    • We Yes

      OM is a composite of three letters ‘AUM’ Omkara (ओंकार) written as ओं or A ३ M in Sanskrit language and Devanagari script, where ३ is a digital symbol for number (3), indicative of the nature of the sound vibrations of –akara, ukara, makara, bindu, nadam, as pluta. (Pluta is a technical word in Sanskrit grammar, meaning three times as long, indicating the time it takes to say each of the five sounds involved in the panchakshara-mantra.

    • Arun

      In AUM
      “3” thrigunas ( satva-rajas-tamas )
      curved line is srusti
      Chandra(moon) like symbol is brahmanda (aakasha)
      The “.” dot is paramatma

      AUM mula beeja mantra is itself is “beginning” and “end” too.

      So, we start with AUM and end with AUM ( naabhi – guru stana – sahasrara )

    • Shripad

      Hariom. very nice information. i am also a yoga teacher. i start yoga class with 3 omkar and end with 11 omkar. As per my guruji’s instructions i am chanting omkar of 10 seconds. First 2 seconds A 3 seconds U and remening 5 seconds for M ie makar. it gives very nice redem and very good experience. I deliver lectures on omkar chanting and all other ashtaang yoga from last 18 years and practising it for my own progress. your information is also very nice. thanks. Hariom.
      shripad m. takalkar. Aurangabad ( M.S.)

      • Dear Shripad,
        Thank you so much for sharing this valuable information about your experience with OM chanting. It is so nice to see that you are spreading the message of yoga to your community. All the best.

    • Om is an universally chanted mantra which has its origination in the Hindu spiritual texts. We can hear it being said in almost every Hindu ritual. But what we fail to understand is why it is chanted and how it should be chanted.

      The sheer beauty of the Om mantra is the link it has with the universe. Interestingly, when Om is chanted, the frequency at which it vibrates is 432 Hz. It is exactly the same as the vibrational frequency of all the elements present in nature. What this basically signifies is that we are spiritually and physically in harmony with the world we live in.

      Another thing that we have to keep in mind is that in order to create the correct vibrational frequency, the mantra has to be enunciated in the right manner to reap the benefits. OM is pronounced as AUM and it mainly consist of 4 syllables. A,U,M and silent syllable.

      The first syllable A is pronounced as a prolonged ‘Awe’, U is pronounced as a sustained ‘Oo’ and M is recited as a prolonged ‘Mmm’. Finally, the silent syllable is nothing but a deep silence that extends to infinity. During the chant, different parts of our vocal box is activated creating a different part of the throat to vibrate. Overall, the syllables of AUM is said to embody the divine energy which we commonly refer to as Shakti.

      • Thanks for your kind note about the OM chanting and its meaning. You mention, “It is exactly the same as the vibrational frequency of all the elements present in nature”. Can you please elaborate on this statement – can you give an example of one element and what it means to have that frequency? It will also be very helpful if you could provide some scriptural reference.

    • puja

      Pls tell me what should be the duration of each syllable of OM, whether o should be longer or mmmm should be longer and why?

      • Hello Puja,
        You may have seen OM written in Sanskrit as ओ३म् | The digit 3 in the middle represents what’s called “pluta” in Sanskrit which means the sound of the previous syllable should be much longer than one or two syllables. So, in general the guideline for OM chanting is that “O” should be chanted for a much longer duration than “M”. I suggest roughly 2/3 to 1/3 ratio.

    • Asisa nayak

      sir,why we are instructed to focus on abdomen then chest and finally on forehead while chanting Om ?
      Thank you

      • Hi Asisa, you are asking a good question – I really don’t have an answer for it. Hopefully someone else can throw some light. I will try to do some research and will get back if I find something.

    • Dr Paul Marivate

      Dear Subhash

      Your guidance helped me a lot. I am now able to balance my Chakaras and Spirituality. May God Bless you as well as provide more for you to be perpertually strong

    • Thank you for such a great way of defining OM for me. You are the first person to really explain the meaning that makes sence to me. You would be surprised to know how many yoga instructors really do not know what OM really means themselves. I am a Christian and I do not want to chant anything without knowing the meaning first.

      Thank you for sharing your knowledge
      Craig D.

    • Madagondapalli

      ॐ is made up of five characters: part (i) three curves of different shapes and sizes subsumed for AUM Part (ii) is Bindu meaning dot, part (iii) nadam the crescent shaped semicircular line under bindu separating it from AUM.
      All the five are pluta, meaning three times longer. These five constituents of
      ॐ should be articulated as follows: A U M as vocal sounds, AU becoming O because of Sandi, and M. the remaining two are known as mounaksharas meaning uttered as humming nasal sounds each differentiated from the other, each three times longer. That means 3+3+3 =9 plus 3+3 =6 total 15. This is what is the number of sounds in Sri Vidya, then only it can tally with the concept pancha-dasa kshari.

      • Dear Madagondapalli,
        thank you so much for sharing this wisdom about the OM chant. I would love to see the actual text where this is explained.
        One explanation that I read some time ago (I don’t recall the source) is that the OM can also be written as ओ३ंम् with the middle letter being the digit 3 in Sanskrit. What I was told was that this digit 3 represents the “pluta” sound. Hence the ओ (the initial “O” sound) which has the “pluta” symbol 3, must be much longer than the final humming “M” sound.
        I would like to understand your explanation more in depth. I would appreciate if you could provide some textual reference. Thanks.

        • Madagondapalli

          Dear Subash,
          Dayananda Saraswati, the founder of Aryasamaj, wrote ‘Om’ as ओ३ंम्. number 3-Pluta-value addition is prolonged pronunciation of Swaras three times-longer, according to Vedic grammar, different from classical sanskrit grammar.
          Your kind attention is drawn to the following UNESCO resolution:
          The oral tradition of Vedic chanting has been declared an intangible heritage of humanity by UNESCO; Paris, France; November 12, 2003. The proclamation says that in the age of globalization and modernization when cultural diversity is under pressure, the preservation of oral tradition of Vedic chanting, a unique cultural heritage has great significance. The Vedic ‘Om’chanting tradition of India, has survived for centuries encoding the wisdom contained in the Vedas through an extraordinary effort of memorization and through elaborately worked out mnemonic methods. Thanks,

    • Safoora Khan

      I’m not Hindu. But I say om in meditation. It calms me and makes me more focused. I say it with resonance and believe the vibration helps.

    • Stuart

      Hello Sir ,
      I want a help from you.My third eye chakra is under active since 8 months tried pranayama but its not connecting me to my true self what can u do further? Please reply asap.I am nt able to feel any emotions , my imagination is blocked but brain functioning properly need to change my mental state its stuck . Thanks.

      • Hi Stuart, i am not familiar with the practices of Kundalini yoga that can act on the third chakra. All I can suggest is that you continue your yoga practice consisting of asana, pranayama and meditation. These will give you positive results in all aspects of your being.

    • Stuart

      Already doing all these yogic practices but not able to feel balanced chakra …now lost all hope.Will kundalini yoga help balance chakra ?

    • Michael Fernandes

      Hi my name is Michael n I m a Follower of Yeshua(Jesus).& I chant or praise God in Hebrew by Saying Hallelujah.. N I get touched by Holy Spirit( called energy of God),, So is AUM = Father GOD=word Of GOD=HOLY SPIRIT..??

      • Hello Michael,
        Thanks for the query. Yes, as per the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, the guiding text about yoga, AUM is the energy representing GOD (the term used is Ishwara which can be loosely translated as God).

    • dion james shohal

      thank you for the knowledge, I was chanting Om with my meditation today, and i found it excellent, I then decided to find the significance of Om and how to use it properly. the only thing i did not do was focus on my navel area when meditating, however the rest of it was as you described, throat and head……then of course i did not relate it to the chakras either, but i will do that next time….how much of this does one need to do.

    • Purnima Kotiya

      Thank you Subhashji for explaining in details about significance of “OM” in last Wednesday class. I really learned a lot from your article OM- it’s meaning and significance. In Sanskrit it says, यंत्र, तंत्र सर्वत्र

    • Frida

      Namaste! I very much like your explanation of the OM. Could I please use the information in a text i am writing? I will leave your source. Thank you and greatings from Frida!

    • Mahesh

      Dear Shubash JI,
      A great information & insight to our ancient heritage. Very glad to have this update on “OM”

    • vidya babla

      Dear Mahesh. Nice article.
      I read somewhere that A U M means, Brahma Vishnu Mahesh, Aadhi/Beginnig Madhya/Middle Anta/End. Creator Sustainer Destroyer.
      Your comment please.

    • Heena

      Enjoying reading your blog, Subhash, thank you. On my yoga teacher training in India, we heard that with the AUM mantra, the A vibratory sound resonates with the cells of the body from the navel down to the toes, the U vibration resonates with the cells from the neck to the navel, and the M sound resonates with the cells in the neck up to the head. Also that each of the 50 Sanskrit letters represent a sound vibration that resonates with different parts of the body? Has anyone else come across this? Thanks, Heena

      • Hi Heena,
        From what I know, AUM has multiple meanings given in various Upanishads, Puranas and other ancient texts. It will be nice to know the authentic source for your information.

        • Heena

          Thanks Subhash. Actually that was the purpose of my question, to see if anyone participating in this blog may have heard this before and would know the source? I’m not aware of the source and would really like to know if this information is correct.

    • Narayani

      Sir,your methods are good will it help my son with a cylindrical power of 5 in the right eye and 1 cylinder in left eye.It is severe astigmatism.

      • Hello Narayani, the practice of yoga, and in particular the eye exercises, can be helpful in bringing some relief to the eyes. I don’t believe yoga can cure someone with severe astigmatism completely.

    • Aravinda

      Sir, had heard that chanting ‘akara’ will help to normalize pancreas action to generate Insulin. Does it help to control diabetes?

    • Aaron Anello

      Years ago when I bagan studying Dharma, I came across a breakdown of AUM as the three elements, Gods etc. A- Agni-fire but I cannot recall the other two and cannot find this anywhere. I know that M is supposed to be water, but don’t remember the word. Are you aware of what I speak? If so, can you please provide the correlations for each letter? Dhanyavaadaha. Namaste, or as we say, Shalom!

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